Sentence in Italian

Sentences are made up of one or more clauses. A clause consists of a subject (a noun or pronoun) and a predicate (what is said about the noun or pronoun). The predicate always contains a verb. For example, in the simple sentence:

Il re ama la regina  »  The king loves the queen.
      - re is the subject and ama is the predicate.

The Direct Object of a verb is a noun or pronoun which receives its action. In the sentence:

Il re ama la regina  »  The king loves the queen.
      - "regina" is the Direct Object of the verb.

Some verbs take an Indirect Object. For example, in the sentence:

Il re dà un regalo alla regina  »  The king gives a gift to the queen
    - "regalo" (gift) is the direct object and
      "alla regina" (to the queen) is the indirect object.

Types of Sentences:

Declarative sentences are statements; these sentences are sometimes referred to as positive sentences to distinguish them from negative sentences. Examples:
  • Parlo con Andrea  »  I’m talking with Andrea
  • I libri sono su un banco  »  The books are on a desk
  • Compra la frutta e la mangia  »  He buys the fruit and eats it
  • Parlo bene l’italiano  »  I speak Italian well
  • Domenica studio  »  I’m studying on Sunday
Negative sentences express a negation. Examples:
  • Joselo non voule dormire  »  Joselo doesn't want to sleep
  • Loro non parlano cinese  »  They don't speak Chinese
  • Non ho paura di chiccessia  »  I'm not afraid of anybody
Interrogative sentences are questions. Examples:
  • Che cos’è la semiotica ? »  What is semiotics?
  • Sarà grigio e piovoso il mese ?  »  Will the month be dull and rainy?
  • Sarà un esame difficile ?  »  Will it be a difficult exam?
  • Qual è il numero di Roberto ?  »  What is Roberto’s number?

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